(PDF) Iron and steel: environmental impact | Charles E
Mining the Ore: Quarries, Shafts, and Open Pits Iron oxides of various types used in iron and steel productionespe cially magnetite, hematite, siderite, and limoniteare common in the swamps, bogs, and uplands of the eastern and midwestern United 157 158 Iron and Steel Mining companies destroyed entire hillsides to reach the raw ores demanded by the iron and steel industry.